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277 lines
14 KiB
Markdown
277 lines
14 KiB
Markdown
# ssh-audit
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**ssh-audit** is a tool for ssh server & client configuration auditing.
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[jtesta/ssh-audit](https://github.com/jtesta/ssh-audit/) (v2.0+) is the updated and maintained version of ssh-audit forked from [arthepsy/ssh-audit](https://github.com/arthepsy/ssh-audit) (v1.x) due to inactivity.
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## Features
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- SSH1 and SSH2 protocol server support;
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- analyze SSH client configuration;
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- grab banner, recognize device or software and operating system, detect compression;
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- gather key-exchange, host-key, encryption and message authentication code algorithms;
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- output algorithm information (available since, removed/disabled, unsafe/weak/legacy, etc);
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- output algorithm recommendations (append or remove based on recognized software version);
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- output security information (related issues, assigned CVE list, etc);
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- analyze SSH version compatibility based on algorithm information;
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- historical information from OpenSSH, Dropbear SSH and libssh;
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- policy scans to ensure adherence to a hardened/standard configuration;
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- runs on Linux and Windows;
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- no dependencies
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## Usage
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```
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usage: ssh-audit.py [options] <host>
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-h, --help print this help
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-1, --ssh1 force ssh version 1 only
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-2, --ssh2 force ssh version 2 only
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-4, --ipv4 enable IPv4 (order of precedence)
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-6, --ipv6 enable IPv6 (order of precedence)
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-b, --batch batch output
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-c, --client-audit starts a server on port 2222 to audit client
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software config (use -p to change port;
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use -t to change timeout)
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-j, --json JSON output
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-l, --level=<level> minimum output level (info|warn|fail)
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-L, --list-policies list all the official, built-in policies
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--lookup=<alg1,alg2,...> looks up an algorithm(s) without
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connecting to a server
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-M, --make-policy=<policy.txt> creates a policy based on the target server
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(i.e.: the target server has the ideal
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configuration that other servers should
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adhere to)
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-n, --no-colors disable colors
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-p, --port=<port> port to connect
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-P, --policy=<"policy name" | policy.txt> run a policy test using the
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specified policy
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-t, --timeout=<secs> timeout (in seconds) for connection and reading
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(default: 5)
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-T, --targets=<hosts.txt> a file containing a list of target hosts (one
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per line, format HOST[:PORT])
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-v, --verbose verbose output
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```
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* if both IPv4 and IPv6 are used, order of precedence can be set by using either `-46` or `-64`.
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* batch flag `-b` will output sections without header and without empty lines (implies verbose flag).
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* verbose flag `-v` will prefix each line with section type and algorithm name.
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* an exit code of 0 is returned when all algorithms are considered secure (for a standard audit), or when a policy check passes (for a policy audit).
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Basic server auditing:
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```
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ssh-audit localhost
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ssh-audit 127.0.0.1
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ssh-audit 127.0.0.1:222
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ssh-audit ::1
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ssh-audit [::1]:222
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```
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To run a standard audit against many servers (place targets into servers.txt, one on each line in the format of `HOST[:PORT]`):
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```
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ssh-audit -T servers.txt
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```
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To audit a client configuration (listens on port 2222 by default; connect using `ssh -p 2222 anything@localhost`):
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```
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ssh-audit -c
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```
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To audit a client configuration, with a listener on port 4567:
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```
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ssh-audit -c -p 4567
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```
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To list all official built-in policies (hint: use resulting file paths with `-P`/`--policy`):
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```
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ssh-audit -L
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```
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To run a policy audit against a server:
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```
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ssh-audit -P ["policy name" | path/to/server_policy.txt] targetserver
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```
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To run a policy audit against a client:
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```
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ssh-audit -c -P ["policy name" | path/to/client_policy.txt]
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```
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To run a policy audit against many servers:
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```
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ssh-audit -T servers.txt -P ["policy name" | path/to/server_policy.txt]
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```
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To create a policy based on a target server (which can be manually edited; see official built-in policies for syntax examples):
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```
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ssh-audit -M new_policy.txt targetserver
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```
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### Server Standard Audit Example
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Below is a screen shot of the standard server-auditing output when connecting to an unhardened OpenSSH v5.3 service:
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### Server Policy Audit Example
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Below is a screen shot of the policy auditing output when connecting to an un-hardened Ubuntu Server 20.04 machine:
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After applying the steps in the hardening guide (see below), the output changes to the following:
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### Client Standard Audit Example
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Below is a screen shot of the client-auditing output when an unhardened OpenSSH v7.2 client connects:
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### Hardening Guides
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Guides to harden server & client configuration can be found here: [https://www.ssh-audit.com/hardening_guides.html](https://www.ssh-audit.com/hardening_guides.html)
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### Pre-Built Packages
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Pre-built packages are available for Windows (see the releases page), on PyPI, Snap, and Homebrew.
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To install from PyPI:
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```
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$ pip3 install ssh-audit
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```
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To install the Snap package:
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```
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$ snap install ssh-audit
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```
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To install on Homebrew:
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```
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$ brew install ssh-audit
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```
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To install from Dockerhub:
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```
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$ docker pull positronsecurity/ssh-audit
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```
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(Then run with: `docker run -it -p 2222:2222 positronsecurity/ssh-audit 10.1.1.1`)
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### Web Front-End
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For convenience, a web front-end on top of the command-line tool is available at [https://www.ssh-audit.com/](https://www.ssh-audit.com/).
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## ChangeLog
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### v2.3.1-dev (???)
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- Fixed bug in recommendation output which suppressed some algorithms inappropriately.
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- Flag `ssh-rsa-cert-v01@openssh.com` as a failure due to SHA-1 hash.
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- Now parses public key sizes for `rsa-sha2-256-cert-v01@openssh.com` and `rsa-sha2-512-cert-v01@openssh.com` host key types.
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- Built-in policies now include CA key requirements (if certificates are in use).
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- Migrated pre-made policies from external files to internal database.
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- Split single 3,500 line script into many files (by class).
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- Added setup.py support; credit [Ganden Schaffner](https://github.com/gschaffner).
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- Added 1 new cipher: `des-cbc@ssh.com`.
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### v2.3.0 (2020-09-27)
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- Added new policy auditing functionality to test adherence to a hardening guide/standard configuration (see `-L`/`--list-policies`, `-M`/`--make-policy` and `-P`/`--policy`). For an in-depth tutorial, see <https://www.positronsecurity.com/blog/2020-09-27-ssh-policy-configuration-checks-with-ssh-audit/>.
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- Created new man page (see `ssh-audit.1` file).
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- 1024-bit moduli upgraded from warnings to failures.
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- Many Python 2 code clean-ups, testing framework improvements, pylint & flake8 fixes, and mypy type comments; credit [Jürgen Gmach](https://github.com/jugmac00).
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- Added feature to look up algorithms in internal database (see `--lookup`); credit [Adam Russell](https://github.com/thecliguy).
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- Suppress recommendation of token host key types.
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- Added check for use-after-free vulnerability in PuTTY v0.73.
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- Added 11 new host key types: `ssh-rsa1`, `ssh-dss-sha256@ssh.com`, `ssh-gost2001`, `ssh-gost2012-256`, `ssh-gost2012-512`, `spki-sign-rsa`, `ssh-ed448`, `x509v3-ecdsa-sha2-nistp256`, `x509v3-ecdsa-sha2-nistp384`, `x509v3-ecdsa-sha2-nistp521`, `x509v3-rsa2048-sha256`.
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- Added 8 new key exchanges: `diffie-hellman-group1-sha256`, `kexAlgoCurve25519SHA256`, `Curve25519SHA256`, `gss-group14-sha256-`, `gss-group15-sha512-`, `gss-group16-sha512-`, `gss-nistp256-sha256-`, `gss-curve25519-sha256-`.
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- Added 5 new ciphers: `blowfish`, `AEAD_AES_128_GCM`, `AEAD_AES_256_GCM`, `crypticore128@ssh.com`, `seed-cbc@ssh.com`.
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- Added 3 new MACs: `chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com`, `hmac-sha3-224`, `crypticore-mac@ssh.com`.
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### v2.2.0 (2020-03-11)
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- Marked host key type `ssh-rsa` as weak due to [practical SHA-1 collisions](https://eprint.iacr.org/2020/014.pdf).
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- Added Windows builds.
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- Added 10 new host key types: `ecdsa-sha2-1.3.132.0.10`, `x509v3-sign-dss`, `x509v3-sign-rsa`, `x509v3-sign-rsa-sha256@ssh.com`, `x509v3-ssh-dss`, `x509v3-ssh-rsa`, `sk-ecdsa-sha2-nistp256-cert-v01@openssh.com`, `sk-ecdsa-sha2-nistp256@openssh.com`, `sk-ssh-ed25519-cert-v01@openssh.com`, and `sk-ssh-ed25519@openssh.com`.
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- Added 18 new key exchanges: `diffie-hellman-group14-sha256@ssh.com`, `diffie-hellman-group15-sha256@ssh.com`, `diffie-hellman-group15-sha384@ssh.com`, `diffie-hellman-group16-sha384@ssh.com`, `diffie-hellman-group16-sha512@ssh.com`, `diffie-hellman-group18-sha512@ssh.com`, `ecdh-sha2-curve25519`, `ecdh-sha2-nistb233`, `ecdh-sha2-nistb409`, `ecdh-sha2-nistk163`, `ecdh-sha2-nistk233`, `ecdh-sha2-nistk283`, `ecdh-sha2-nistk409`, `ecdh-sha2-nistp192`, `ecdh-sha2-nistp224`, `ecdh-sha2-nistt571`, `gss-gex-sha1-`, and `gss-group1-sha1-`.
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- Added 9 new ciphers: `camellia128-cbc`, `camellia128-ctr`, `camellia192-cbc`, `camellia192-ctr`, `camellia256-cbc`, `camellia256-ctr`, `aes128-gcm`, `aes256-gcm`, and `chacha20-poly1305`.
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- Added 2 new MACs: `aes128-gcm` and `aes256-gcm`.
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### v2.1.1 (2019-11-26)
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- Added 2 new host key types: `rsa-sha2-256-cert-v01@openssh.com`, `rsa-sha2-512-cert-v01@openssh.com`.
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- Added 2 new ciphers: `des`, `3des`.
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- Added 3 new PuTTY vulnerabilities.
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- During client testing, client IP address is now listed in output.
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### v2.1.0 (2019-11-14)
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- Added client software auditing functionality (see `-c` / `--client-audit` option).
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- Added JSON output option (see `-j` / `--json` option; credit [Andreas Jaggi](https://github.com/x-way)).
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- Fixed crash while scanning Solaris Sun_SSH.
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- Added 9 new key exchanges: `gss-group1-sha1-toWM5Slw5Ew8Mqkay+al2g==`, `gss-gex-sha1-toWM5Slw5Ew8Mqkay+al2g==`, `gss-group14-sha1-`, `gss-group14-sha1-toWM5Slw5Ew8Mqkay+al2g==`, `gss-group14-sha256-toWM5Slw5Ew8Mqkay+al2g==`, `gss-group15-sha512-toWM5Slw5Ew8Mqkay+al2g==`, `diffie-hellman-group15-sha256`, `ecdh-sha2-1.3.132.0.10`, `curve448-sha512`.
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- Added 1 new host key type: `ecdsa-sha2-1.3.132.0.10`.
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- Added 4 new ciphers: `idea-cbc`, `serpent128-cbc`, `serpent192-cbc`, `serpent256-cbc`.
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- Added 6 new MACs: `hmac-sha2-256-96-etm@openssh.com`, `hmac-sha2-512-96-etm@openssh.com`, `hmac-ripemd`, `hmac-sha256-96@ssh.com`, `umac-32@openssh.com`, `umac-96@openssh.com`.
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### v2.0.0 (2019-08-29)
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- Forked from https://github.com/arthepsy/ssh-audit (development was stalled, and developer went MIA).
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- Added RSA host key length test.
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- Added RSA certificate key length test.
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- Added Diffie-Hellman modulus size test.
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- Now outputs host key fingerprints for RSA and ED25519.
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- Added 5 new key exchanges: `sntrup4591761x25519-sha512@tinyssh.org`, `diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256@ssh.com`, `diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha512@ssh.com`, `diffie-hellman-group16-sha256`, `diffie-hellman-group17-sha512`.
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- Added 3 new encryption algorithms: `des-cbc-ssh1`, `blowfish-ctr`, `twofish-ctr`.
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- Added 10 new MACs: `hmac-sha2-56`, `hmac-sha2-224`, `hmac-sha2-384`, `hmac-sha3-256`, `hmac-sha3-384`, `hmac-sha3-512`, `hmac-sha256`, `hmac-sha256@ssh.com`, `hmac-sha512`, `hmac-512@ssh.com`.
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- Added command line argument (`-t` / `--timeout`) for connection & reading timeouts.
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- Updated CVEs for libssh & Dropbear.
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### v1.7.0 (2016-10-26)
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- implement options to allow specify IPv4/IPv6 usage and order of precedence
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- implement option to specify remote port (old behavior kept for compatibility)
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- add colors support for Microsoft Windows via optional colorama dependency
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- fix encoding and decoding issues, add tests, do not crash on encoding errors
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- use mypy-lang for static type checking and verify all code
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### v1.6.0 (2016-10-14)
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- implement algorithm recommendations section (based on recognized software)
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- implement full libssh support (version history, algorithms, security, etc)
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- fix SSH-1.99 banner recognition and version comparison functionality
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- do not output empty algorithms (happens for misconfigured servers)
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- make consistent output for Python 3.x versions
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- add a lot more tests (conf, banner, software, SSH1/SSH2, output, etc)
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- use Travis CI to test for multiple Python versions (2.6-3.5, pypy, pypy3)
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### v1.5.0 (2016-09-20)
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- create security section for related security information
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- match and output assigned CVE list and security issues for Dropbear SSH
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- implement full SSH1 support with fingerprint information
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- automatically fallback to SSH1 on protocol mismatch
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- add new options to force SSH1 or SSH2 (both allowed by default)
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- parse banner information and convert it to specific software and OS version
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- do not use padding in batch mode
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- several fixes (Cisco sshd, rare hangs, error handling, etc)
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### v1.0.20160902
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- implement batch output option
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- implement minimum output level option
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- fix compatibility with Python 2.6
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### v1.0.20160812
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- implement SSH version compatibility feature
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- fix wrong mac algorithm warning
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- fix Dropbear SSH version typo
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- parse pre-banner header
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- better errors handling
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### v1.0.20160803
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- use OpenSSH 7.3 banner
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- add new key-exchange algorithms
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### v1.0.20160207
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- use OpenSSH 7.2 banner
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- additional warnings for OpenSSH 7.2
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- fix OpenSSH 7.0 failure messages
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- add rijndael-cbc failure message from OpenSSH 6.7
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### v1.0.20160105
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- multiple additional warnings
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- support for none algorithm
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- better compression handling
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- ensure reading enough data (fixes few Linux SSH)
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### v1.0.20151230
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- Dropbear SSH support
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### v1.0.20151223
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- initial version
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