Patch version bump.

Updated dd cheatsheet with the built-in progress functionality

.gitignore

@@ -1,2 +1,5 @@
 *.pyc
+MANIFEST
 build
+cheat.egg-info
+dist

README.md

@@ -143,6 +143,7 @@ Related Projects
 
 - [`tldr`][tldr]: "Simplified and community-driven man pages".
 
+- [dufferzafar/cheat][5]: An implementation in golang that has syntax highlighting and allows to copy cheats directly to clipboard.
 
 [dotfiles]:  http://dotfiles.github.io/
 [jahendrie]: https://github.com/jahendrie
@@ -150,4 +151,5 @@ Related Projects
 [2]:         https://github.com/jahendrie/cheat
 [3]:         http://errtheblog.com/posts/21-cheat
 [4]:         https://github.com/chrisallenlane/cheat/pull/77
+[5]:         https://github.com/dufferzafar/cheat
 [tldr]:      https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr

bin/cheat

@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ from docopt import docopt
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
     # parse the command-line options
-    options = docopt(__doc__, version='cheat 2.1.0')
+    options = docopt(__doc__, version='cheat 2.1.21')
 
     # list directories
     if options['--directories']:

cheat/cheatsheets/apt

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+# To search a package:
+apt search package
+
+# To show package informations:
+apt show package
+
+# To fetch package list:
+apt update
+
+# To download and install updates without installing new package:
+apt upgrade
+
+# To download and install the updates AND install new necessary packages:
+apt dist-upgrade
+
+# Full command:
+apt update && apt dist-upgrade
+
+# To install a new package(s):
+apt install package(s)
+
+# To uninstall package(s)
+apt remove package(s)

cheat/cheatsheets/apt-get

@@ -23,3 +23,6 @@ apt-get -o Dir::Cache="/path/to/destination/dir/" -o Dir::Cache::archives="./" i
 
 # Show apt-get installed packages.
 grep 'install ' /var/log/dpkg.log
+
+# Silently keep old configuration during batch updates
+apt-get update -o DPkg::Options::='--force-confold' ...

cheat/cheatsheets/awk

@@ -1,2 +1,11 @@
 # sum integers from a file or stdin, one integer per line:
 printf '1\n2\n3\n' | awk '{ sum += $1} END {print sum}'
+
+# using specific character as separator to sum integers from a file or stdin
+printf '1:2:3' | awk -F ":" '{print $1+$2+$3}'
+
+# print a multiplication table
+seq 9 | sed 'H;g' | awk -v RS='' '{for(i=1;i<=NF;i++)printf("%dx%d=%d%s", i, NR, i*NR, i==NR?"\n":"\t")}'
+
+# Specify output separator character
+printf '1 2 3' | awk 'BEGIN {OFS=":"}; {print $1,$2,$3}'

cheat/cheatsheets/bash

@@ -18,3 +18,10 @@ set -x
 
 # Turn off debugging:
 set +x
+
+# Retrieve N-th piped command exit status
+printf 'foo' | fgrep 'foo' | sed 's/foo/bar/'
+echo ${PIPESTATUS[0]}  # replace 0 with N
+
+# Lock file:
+( set -o noclobber; echo > my.lock ) || echo 'Failed to create lock file'

cheat/cheatsheets/bower

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+# Install a package locally
+bower install <package-name>
+
+# Install a package locally directly from github
+bower install <user>/<repo>
+
+# Install a specific package locally
+bower install <package-name>#<version>
+
+# Install a package locally and save installed package into bower.json
+bower install <package-name> --save
+
+# Retrieve info of a particular package
+bower info <package-name>
+
+# List local packages
+bower list
+
+# Search for a package by name
+bower search <package-name>
+
+# Update a package to their newest version
+bower update <package-name>
+
+# Remove a local package
+bower uninstall <package-name>

cheat/cheatsheets/csplit

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+# Split a file based on pattern
+csplit input.file '/PATTERN/'
+
+# Use prefix/suffix to improve resulting file names
+csplit -f 'prefix-' -b '%d.extension' input.file '/PATTERN/' '{*}'

cheat/cheatsheets/cups

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+# Manage printers through CUPS:
+http://localhost:631 (in web browser)
+
+# Print file from command line
+lp myfile.txt
+
+# Display print queue
+lpq
+
+# Remove print job from queue
+lprm 545
+or
+lprm -
+
+# Print log location
+/var/log/cups
+
+# Reject new jobs
+cupsreject printername
+
+# Accept new jobs
+cupsaccept printername

cheat/cheatsheets/date

@@ -1,2 +1,5 @@
-# Printout date in format suitable for affixing to file names
+# Print date in format suitable for affixing to file names
 date +"%Y%m%d_%H%M%S"
+
+# Convert Unix timestamp to Date
+date -d @1440359821

cheat/cheatsheets/dd

@@ -12,6 +12,9 @@ dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/null bs=4KB &; export dd_pid=`pgrep '^dd'`; while [[ -d
 # Watch the progress of 'dd' with `pv` and `zenity` (apt-get install pv zenity)
 (pv -n /dev/zero | dd of=/dev/null bs=128M conv=notrunc,noerror) 2>&1 | zenity --title 'Running dd command (cloning), please wait...' --progress
 
+# Watch the progress of 'dd' with the built-in `progress` functionality (introduced in coreutils v8.24)
+dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/null bs=128M status=progress
+
 # DD with "graphical" return
 dcfldd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/null bs=500K
 

cheat/cheatsheets/dnf

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+# To install the latest version of a package:
+dnf install <package name>
+
+# To search package details for the given string
+dnf search <string>
+
+# To find which package provides a binary
+dnf provides <path to binary>
+
+# The following are available after installing "dnf-plugins-core"
+
+# Download a package
+dnf download <package name>
+
+# install the build dependencies for a SRPM or from a .spec file
+dnf builddep <srpm/.spec file>

cheat/cheatsheets/docker

@@ -4,6 +4,9 @@ docker -d
 # start a container with an interactive shell
 docker run -ti <image_name> /bin/bash
 
+# "shell" into a running container (docker-1.3+)
+docker exec -ti <container_name> bash
+
 # inspect a running container
 docker inspect <container_name> (or <container_id>)
 
@@ -16,6 +19,9 @@ docker inspect --format {{.State.Pid}} <container_name_or_ID>
 # http://nathanleclaire.com/blog/2014/07/12/10-docker-tips-and-tricks-that-will-make-you-sing-a-whale-song-of-joy/
 docker inspect --format='{{json .Volumes}}' <container_id> | python -mjson.tool
 
+# Copy files/folders between a container and your host
+docker cp foo.txt mycontainer:/foo.txt
+
 # list currently running containers
 docker ps
 

cheat/cheatsheets/dpkg

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+# Install the package or upgrade it
+dpkg -i test.deb
+
+# Remove a package including configuration files
+dpkg -P test.deb
+
+# List all installed packages with versions and details
+dpkg -I
+
+# Find out if a Debian package is installed or not
+dpkg -s test.deb | grep Status

cheat/cheatsheets/du

@@ -1,2 +1,5 @@
 # To sort directories/files by size
 du -sk *| sort -rn
+
+# To show cumulative humanreadable size
+du -sh

cheat/cheatsheets/ffmpeg

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+# Print file metadata etc.
+ffmpeg -i path/to/file.ext
+
+# Convert all m4a files to mp3
+for f in *.m4a; do ffmpeg -i "$f" -acodec libmp3lame -ab 320k "${f%.m4a}.mp3"; done
+
+# Listen to 10 seconds of audio from a video file
+#
+# -ss : start time
+# -t  : seconds to cut
+# -autoexit : closes ffplay as soon as the audio finishes
+ffmpeg -ss 00:34:24.85 -t 10 -i path/to/file.mp4 -f mp3 pipe:play | ffplay -i pipe:play -autoexit

cheat/cheatsheets/for

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+# basic loop
+for i in 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
+do
+  echo $i
+done
+
+# loop ls command results
+for var in `ls -alF`
+do
+  echo $var
+done
+
+# loop specified number of times
+for i in `seq 1 10`
+do
+  echo $i
+done

cheat/cheatsheets/git

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# To set your identify:
+# To set your identity:
 git config --global user.name "John Doe"
 git config --global user.email johndoe@example.com
 
@@ -17,9 +17,25 @@ git commit -m "Your commit message"
 # To edit previous commit message
 git commit --amend
 
+# Git commit in the past
+git commit --date="`date --date='2 day ago'`"
+git commit --date="Jun 13 18:30:25 IST 2015"
+# more recent versions of Git also support --date="2 days ago" directly
+
+# To change the date of an existing commit
+git filter-branch --env-filter \
+    'if [ $GIT_COMMIT = 119f9ecf58069b265ab22f1f97d2b648faf932e0 ]
+     then
+         export GIT_AUTHOR_DATE="Fri Jan 2 21:38:53 2009 -0800"
+         export GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="Sat May 19 01:01:01 2007 -0700"
+     fi'
+
 # To removed staged and working directory changes
 git reset --hard
 
+# To go 2 commits back
+git reset --hard HEAD~2
+
 # To remove untracked files
 git clean -f -d
 
@@ -35,6 +51,9 @@ git push git@github.com:username/project.git
 # To delete the branch "branch_name"
 git branch -D branch_name
 
+# To make an exisiting branch track a remote branch
+git branch -u upstream/foo
+
 # To see who commited which line in a file
 git blame filename
 
@@ -51,3 +70,37 @@ git show 83fb499:path/fo/file.ext                       # Shows the file as it a
 git diff branch_1 branch_2                              # Check difference between branches
 git log                                                 # Show all the commits
 git status                                              # Show the changes from last commit
+
+# Commit history of a set of files
+git log --pretty=email --patch-with-stat --reverse --full-index -- Admin\*.py > Sripts.patch
+
+# Import commits from another repo
+git --git-dir=../some_other_repo/.git format-patch -k -1 --stdout <commit SHA> | git am -3 -k
+
+# View commits that will be pushed
+git log @{u}..
+
+# View changes that are new on a feature branch
+git log -p feature --not master
+git diff master...feature
+
+# Interactive rebase for the last 7 commits
+git rebase -i @~7
+
+# Diff files WITHOUT considering them a part of git
+# This can be used to diff files that are not in a git repo!
+git diff --no-index path/to/file/A path/to/file/B
+
+# To pull changes while overwriting any local commits
+git fetch --all
+git reset --hard origin/master
+
+# Update all your submodules
+git submodule update --init --recursive
+
+# Perform a shallow clone to only get latest commits
+# (helps save data when cloning large repos)
+git clone --depth 1 <remote-url>
+
+# To unshallow a clone
+git pull --unshallow

cheat/cheatsheets/grep

@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
-# Basic:
+# Search a file for a pattern
 grep pattern file
 
-# case nonsensitive research:
+# Case insensitive search (with line numbers)
-grep -i pattern file
+grep -in pattern file
 
 # Recursively grep for string <pattern> in folder:
 grep -R pattern folder
 
-# Getting pattern from file (one by line):
+# Read search patterns from a file (one per line)
 grep -f pattern_file file
 
 # Find lines NOT containing pattern
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ grep -v pattern file
 grep "^00" file  #Match lines starting with 00
 grep -E "[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}" file  #Find IP add
 
-# Find all files who contain {pattern} in the directory {directory}.
+# Find all files which match {pattern} in {directory}
 # This will show: "file:line my research"
 grep -rnw 'directory' -e "pattern"
 

cheat/cheatsheets/gzip

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+# To create a *.gz compressed file
+gzip test.txt
+
+# To create a *.gz compressed file to a specific location using -c option (standard out)
+gzip -c test.txt > test_custom.txt.gz
+
+# To uncompress a *.gz file
+gzip -d test.txt.gz
+
+# Display compression ratio of the compressed file using gzip -l
+gzip -l *.gz
+
+# Recursively compress all the files under a specified directory
+gzip -r documents_directory
+
+# To create a *.gz compressed file and keep the original
+gzip < test.txt > test.txt.gz

cheat/cheatsheets/hardware-info

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+# Display all hardware details
+sudo lshw
+
+# List currently loaded kernel modules
+lsmod
+
+# List all modules available to the system
+find /lib/modules/$(uname -r) -type f -iname "*.ko"
+
+# Load a module into kernel
+modprobe modulename
+
+# Remove a module from kernel 
+modprobe -r modulename
+
+# List devices connected via pci bus
+lspci
+
+# Debug output for pci devices (hex)
+lspci -vvxxx
+
+# Display cpu hardware stats
+cat /proc/cpuinfo
+
+# Display memory hardware stats
+cat /proc/meminfo
+
+# Output the kernel ring buffer
+dmesg
+
+# Ouput kernel messages
+dmesg --kernel

cheat/cheatsheets/http

@@ -0,0 +1,195 @@
+# Custom HTTP method HTTP headers and JSON data:
+http PUT example.org X-API-Token:123 name=John
+
+# Submitting forms:
+http -f POST example.org hello=World
+
+# See the request that is being sent using one of the output options:
+http -v example.org
+
+# Use Github API to post a comment on an issue with authentication:
+http -a USERNAME POST https://api.github.com/repos/jkbrzt/httpie/issues/83/comments body='HTTPie is awesome!'
+
+# Upload a file using redirected input:
+http example.org < file.json
+
+# Download a file and save it via redirected output:
+http example.org/file > file
+
+# Download a file wget style:
+http --download example.org/file
+
+# Use named sessions_ to make certain aspects or the communication
+# persistent between requests to the same host:
+# http --session=logged-in -a username:password httpbin.org/get API-Key:123
+http --session=logged-in httpbin.org/headers
+
+# Set a custom Host header to work around missing DNS records:
+http localhost:8000 Host:example.com
+
+# Simple JSON example:
+http PUT example.org name=John email=john@example.org
+
+# Non-string fields use the := separator, which allows you to embed raw
+# JSON into the resulting object. Text and raw JSON files can also be
+# embedded into fields using =@ and :=@:
+http PUT api.example.com/person/1 name=John age:=29 married:=false hobbies:='["http", "pies"]' description=@about-john.txt bookmarks:=@bookmarks.json
+
+# Send JSON data stored in a file:
+http POST api.example.com/person/1 < person.json
+
+# Regular Forms
+http --form POST api.example.org/person/1 name='John Smith' email=john@example.org cv=@~/Documents/cv.txt
+
+# File Upload Forms
+# If one or more file fields is present, the serialization and content
+# type is multipart/form-data:
+http -f POST example.com/jobs name='John Smith' cv@~/Documents/cv.pdf
+
+# To set custom headers you can use the Header:Value notation:
+http example.org  User-Agent:Bacon/1.0  'Cookie:valued-visitor=yes;foo=bar' X-Foo:Bar  Referer:http://httpie.org/
+
+# Basic auth:
+http -a username:password example.org
+
+# Digest auth:
+http --auth-type=digest -a username:password example.org
+
+# With password prompt:
+http -a username example.org
+
+# Authorization information from your ~/.netrc file is honored as well:
+cat ~/.netrc
+    machine httpbin.org
+    login httpie
+    # password test
+http httpbin.org/basic-auth/httpie/test
+
+# You can specify proxies to be used through the --proxy argument for each
+# protocol (which is included in the value in case of redirects across
+# protocols):
+http --proxy=http:http://10.10.1.10:3128 --proxy=https:https://10.10.1.10:1080 example.org
+
+# With Basic authentication:
+http --proxy=http:http://user:pass@10.10.1.10:3128 example.org
+
+# To skip the HOST'S SSL CERTIFICATE VERIFICATION, you can pass
+# --verify=no (default is yes):
+http --verify=no https://example.org
+
+# You can also use --verify=<CA_BUNDLE_PATH> to set a CUSTOM CA BUNDLE path:
+http --verify=/ssl/custom_ca_bundle https://example.org
+
+# To use a CLIENT SIDE CERTIFICATE for the SSL communication, you can pass
+# the path of the cert file with --cert:
+http --cert=client.pem https://example.org
+
+# If the PRIVATE KEY is not contained in the cert file you may pass the
+# path of the key file with --cert-key:
+http --cert=client.crt --cert-key=client.key https://example.org
+
+# You can control what should be printed via several options:
+  # --headers, -h   Only the response headers are printed.
+  # --body, -b      Only the response body is printed.
+  # --verbose, -v   Print the whole HTTP exchange (request and response).
+  # --print, -p     Selects parts of the HTTP exchange.
+http --verbose PUT httpbin.org/put hello=world
+
+# Print request and response headers:
+  # Character   Stands for
+  # ----------- -------------------
+  # H           Request headers.
+  # B           Request body.
+  # h           Response headers.
+  # b           Response body.
+http --print=Hh PUT httpbin.org/put hello=world
+
+# Let's say that there is an API that returns the whole resource when it
+# is updated, but you are only interested in the response headers to see
+# the status code after an update:
+http --headers PATCH example.org/Really-Huge-Resource name='New Name'
+
+# Redirect from a file:
+http PUT example.com/person/1 X-API-Token:123 < person.json
+
+# Or the output of another program:
+grep '401 Unauthorized' /var/log/httpd/error_log | http POST example.org/intruders
+
+# You can use echo for simple data:
+echo '{"name": "John"}' | http PATCH example.com/person/1 X-API-Token:123
+
+# You can even pipe web services together using HTTPie:
+http GET https://api.github.com/repos/jkbrzt/httpie | http POST httpbin.org/post
+
+# You can use cat to enter multiline data on the terminal:
+cat | http POST example.com
+    <paste>
+    # ^D
+cat | http POST example.com/todos Content-Type:text/plain
+    - buy milk
+    - call parents
+    ^D
+
+# On OS X, you can send the contents of the clipboard with pbpaste:
+pbpaste | http PUT example.com
+
+# Passing data through stdin cannot be combined with data fields specified
+# on the command line:
+echo 'data' | http POST example.org more=data   # This is invalid
+
+
+# AN ALTERNATIVE TO REDIRECTED stdin is specifying a filename (as
+# @/path/to/file) whose content is used as if it came from stdin.
+
+# It has the advantage that THE Content-Type HEADER IS AUTOMATICALLY SET
+# to the appropriate value based on the filename extension. For example,
+# the following request sends the verbatim contents of that XML file with
+# Content-Type: application/xml:
+http PUT httpbin.org/put @/data/file.xml
+
+# Download a file:
+http example.org/Movie.mov > Movie.mov
+
+# Download an image of Octocat, resize it using ImageMagick, upload it
+# elsewhere:
+http octodex.github.com/images/original.jpg | convert - -resize 25% -  | http example.org/Octocats
+
+# Force colorizing and formatting, and show both the request and the
+# response in less pager:
+http --pretty=all --verbose example.org | less -R
+
+# When enabled using the --download, -d flag, response headers are printed
+# to the terminal (stderr), and a progress bar is shown while the response
+# body is being saved to a file.
+http --download https://github.com/jkbrzt/httpie/tarball/master
+
+# You can also redirect the response body to another program while the
+# response headers and progress are still shown in the terminal:
+http -d https://github.com/jkbrzt/httpie/tarball/master |  tar zxf -
+
+# If --output, -o is specified, you can resume a partial download using
+# the --continue, -c option. This only works with servers that support
+# Range requests and 206 Partial Content responses. If the server doesn't
+# support that, the whole file will simply be downloaded:
+http -dco file.zip example.org/file
+
+# Prettified streamed response:
+http --stream -f -a YOUR-TWITTER-NAME https://stream.twitter.com/1/statuses/filter.json track='Justin Bieber'
+
+# Send each new tweet (JSON object) mentioning "Apple" to another
+# server as soon as it arrives from the Twitter streaming API:
+http --stream -f -a YOUR-TWITTER-NAME https://stream.twitter.com/1/statuses/filter.json track=Apple | while read tweet; do echo "$tweet" | http POST example.org/tweets ; done
+
+# Create a new session named user1 for example.org:
+http --session=user1 -a user1:password example.org X-Foo:Bar
+
+# Now you can refer to the session by its name, and the previously used
+# authorization and HTTP headers will automatically be set:
+http --session=user1 example.org
+
+# To create or reuse a different session, simple specify a different name:
+http --session=user2 -a user2:password example.org X-Bar:Foo
+
+# Instead of a name, you can also directly specify a path to a session
+# file. This allows for sessions to be re-used across multiple hosts:
+http --session=/tmp/session.json example.orghttp --session=/tmp/session.json admin.example.orghttp --session=~/.httpie/sessions/another.example.org/test.json example.orghttp --session-read-only=/tmp/session.json example.org

cheat/cheatsheets/ip

@@ -19,8 +19,8 @@ ip route
 # Display all routes for IPv6
 ip -6 route
 
-# Add route via gateway IP
+# Add default route via gateway IP
-ip route add 192.168.0.0/24 via 192.168.1.1
+ip route add default via 192.168.1.1
 
 # Add route via interface
 ip route add 192.168.0.0/24 dev eth0

cheat/cheatsheets/journalctl

@@ -19,3 +19,14 @@ journalctl /usr/bin/dbus-daemon
 # Filter by PID
 journalctl _PID=123
 
+# Filter by Command, e.g., sshd
+journalctl _COMM=sshd
+
+# Filter by Command and time period
+journalctl _COMM=crond --since '10:00' --until '11:00'
+
+# List all available boots 
+journalctl --list-boots
+
+# Filter by specific User ID e.g., user id 1000 
+journalctl _UID=1000

cheat/cheatsheets/jq

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+# Pretty print the json
+jq "." < filename.json
+
+# Access the value at key "foo"
+jq '.foo'
+
+# Access first list item
+jq '.[0]'
+
+# Slice & Dice
+jq '.[2:4]'
+jq '.[:3]'
+jq '.[-2:]'

cheat/cheatsheets/jrnl

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+# Add entry to default jrnl (from your configured text editor)
+jrnl
+
+# Add entry to default jrnl
+jrnl Write entry here.
+
+# List of tags
+jrnl --tags
+
+# Entries per tag
+jrnl @tag
+
+# Export jrnl as json
+jrnl --export json
+
+# Entries in a timeframe
+jrnl -from 2009 -until may
+
+# Add Sublime text to .jrnl_config
+
+# Windows
+"editor": "F:\\Powerpack\\Sublime\\sublime_text.exe -w"
+
+# Linux
+"editor": "/usr/bin/sublime -w"

cheat/cheatsheets/lib

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+# Display available libraries
+ldconfig -p
+
+# Update library resources
+ldconfig
+
+# Display libraries and file location
+ldd
+
+# Libraries available to apps in real-time
+"Dynamic Libraries" (.so.)
+
+# Libraries only available to apps when installed (imported)
+"Static Libraries" (.a.)
+
+# Standard (usual) library file location
+/lib
+
+# Sofware-accessible source for library info 
+/etc/ld.so.cache 	# (binary)
+
+# Human-readable source for library info
+/etc/ld.so.conf 	# (points to /etc/ld.so.conf.d)

cheat/cheatsheets/ln

@@ -1,2 +1,5 @@
 # To create a symlink:
 ln -s path/to/the/target/directory name-of-symlink
+
+# Symlink, while overwriting existing destination files
+ln -sf /some/dir/exec /usr/bin/exec

cheat/cheatsheets/ls

@@ -9,3 +9,9 @@ ls -lh
 
 # Display files, sorted by size
 ls -S
+
+# Display directories only
+ls -d */
+
+# Display directories only, include hidden
+ls -d .*/ */

cheat/cheatsheets/man

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+# Convert a man page to pdf
+man -t bash | ps2pdf - bash.pdf
+
+# View the ascii chart
+man 7 ascii

cheat/cheatsheets/markdown

@@ -35,6 +35,9 @@ ___
 # links
 This is [an example](http://example.com "Title") inline link.
 
+# image
+![Alt Text](/path/to/file.png)
+
 # emphasis
 *em* _em_
 

cheat/cheatsheets/mdadm

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+# For the sake of briefness, we use Bash  "group compound" stanza:
+#   /dev/sd{a,b,...}1 => /dev/sda1 /dev/sdb1 ...
+# Along the following variables:
+#   ${M} array identifier (/dev/md${M})
+#   ${D} device identifier (/dev/sd${D})
+#   ${P} partition identifier (/dev/sd${D}${P})
+
+# Create (initialize) a new array
+mdadm --create /dev/md${M} --level=raid5 --raid-devices=4 /dev/sd{a,b,c,d,e}${P} --spare-devices=/dev/sdf1
+
+# Manually assemble (activate) an existing array
+mdadm --assemble /dev/md${M} /dev/sd{a,b,c,d,e}${P}
+
+# Automatically assemble (activate) all existing arrays
+mdadm --assemble --scan
+
+# Stop an assembled (active) array
+mdadm --stop /dev/md${M}
+
+# See array configuration
+mdadm --query /dev/md${M}
+
+# See array component configuration (dump superblock content)
+mdadm --query --examine /dev/sd${D}${P}
+
+# See detailed array confiration/status
+mdadm --detail /dev/md${M}
+
+# Save existing arrays configuration
+# (MAY be required by initrd for successfull boot)
+mdadm --detail --scan > /etc/mdadm/mdadm.conf
+
+# Erase array component superblock
+# (MUST do before reusing a partition for other purposes)
+mdadm --zero-superblock /dev/sd${D}${P}
+
+# Manually mark a component as failed
+# (SHOULD when a device shows wear-and-tear signs, e.g. through SMART)
+mdadm --manage /dev/md${M} --fail /dev/sd${D}${P}
+
+# Remove a failed component
+# (SHOULD before preemptively replacing a device, after failing it)
+mdadm --manage /dev/md${M} --remove /dev/sd${D}${P}
+
+# Prepare (format) a new device to replace a failed one
+sfdisk -d /dev/sd${D,sane} | sfdisk /dev/sd${D,new}
+
+# Add new component to an existing array
+# (this will trigger the rebuild)
+mdadm --manage /dev/md${M} --add /dev/sd${D,new}${P}
+
+# See assembled (active) arrays status
+cat /proc/mdstat
+
+# Rename a device
+# (SHOULD after hostname change; eg. name="$(hostname -s)")
+mdadm --assemble /dev/md${M} /dev/sd{a,b,c,d,e}${P} --name="${name}:${M}" --update=name
+

cheat/cheatsheets/more

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# To show the file start at line number 5
+more +5 file
+

cheat/cheatsheets/mount

@@ -9,3 +9,6 @@ mount -o uid=username,gid=usergroup /dev/sdx /mnt/xxx
 
 # To mount a remote NFS directory
 mount -t nfs example.com:/remote/example/dir /local/example/dir
+
+# To mount an ISO
+mount -o loop disk1.iso /mnt/disk

cheat/cheatsheets/mysql

@@ -12,3 +12,20 @@ CREATE DATABASE owa CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;
 
 # To add a user and give rights on the given database
 GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON database.* TO 'user'@'localhost'IDENTIFIED BY 'password' WITH GRANT OPTION;
+
+# To list the privileges granted to the account that you are using to connect to the server. Any of the 3 statements will work. 
+SHOW GRANTS FOR CURRENT_USER();
+SHOW GRANTS;
+SHOW GRANTS FOR CURRENT_USER;
+
+# Basic SELECT Statement
+SELECT * FROM tbl_name;
+
+# Basic INSERT Statement
+INSERT INTO tbl_name (col1,col2) VALUES(15,col1*2);
+
+# Basic UPDATE Statement
+UPDATE tbl_name SET col1 = "example";
+
+# Basic DELETE Statement
+DELETE FROM tbl_name WHERE user = 'jcole';

cheat/cheatsheets/mysqldump

@@ -1,16 +1,16 @@
- # To dump a database to a file (Note that your password will appear in your command history!):
+# To dump a database to a file (Note that your password will appear in your command history!):
 mysqldump -uusername -ppassword the-database > db.sql
 
 # To dump a database to a file:
 mysqldump -uusername -p the-database > db.sql
 
- # To dump a database to a .tgz file (Note that your password will appear in your command history!):
+# To dump a database to a .tgz file (Note that your password will appear in your command history!):
 mysqldump -uusername -ppassword the-database | gzip -9 > db.sql
 
 # To dump a database to a .tgz file:
 mysqldump -uusername -p the-database | gzip -9 > db.sql
 
- # To dump all databases to a file (Note that your password will appear in your command history!):
+# To dump all databases to a file (Note that your password will appear in your command history!):
 mysqldump -uusername -ppassword --all-databases > all-databases.sql
 
 # To dump all databases to a file:

cheat/cheatsheets/nkf

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+# check the file's charactor code
+nkf -g test.txt
+
+# convert charactor code to UTF-8
+nkf -w --overwrite test.txt
+
+# convert charactor code to EUC-JP
+nkf -e --overwrite test.txt
+
+# convert charactor code to Shift-JIS
+nkf -s --overwrite test.txt
+
+# convert charactor code to ISO-2022-JP
+nkf -j --overwrite test.txt
+
+# convert newline to LF
+nkf -Lu --overwrite test.txt
+
+# convert newline to CRLF
+nkf -Lw --overwrite test.txt
+
+# convert newline to CR
+nkf -Lm --overwrite test.txt
+
+# MIME encode
+echo テスト | nkf -WwMQ
+
+# MIME decode
+echo "=E3=83=86=E3=82=B9=E3=83=88" | nkf -WwmQ

cheat/cheatsheets/nova

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+# To list VMs on current tenant:
+nova list
+
+# To list VMs of all tenants (admin user only):
+nova list --all-tenants
+
+# To boot a VM on a specific host:
+nova boot --nic net-id=<net_id> \
+          --image <image_id> \
+          --flavor <flavor> \
+          --availability-zone nova:<host_name> <vm_name>
+
+# To stop a server
+nova stop <server>
+
+# To start a server
+nova start <server>
+
+# To attach a network interface to a specific VM:
+nova interface-attach --net-id <net_id> <server>

cheat/cheatsheets/ntp

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+# Verify ntpd running:
+service ntp status
+
+# Start ntpd if not running:
+service ntp start
+
+# Display current hardware clock value:
+sudo hwclock -r
+
+# Apply system time to hardware time:
+sudo hwclock --systohc
+
+# Apply hardware time to system time:
+sudo hwclock --hctosys
+
+# Set hwclock to local time:
+sudo hwclock --localtime
+
+# Set hwclock to UTC:
+sudo hwclock --utc
+
+# Set hwclock manually:
+sudo hwclock --set --date="8/10/15 13:10:05"
+
+# Query surrounding stratum time servers
+ntpq -pn
+
+# Config file:
+/etc/ntp.conf
+
+# Driftfile:
+location of "drift" of your system clock compared to ntp servers
+/var/lib/ntp/ntp.drift

cheat/cheatsheets/numfmt

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+# Convert bytes to Human readable format
+numfmt --to=iec --suffix=B --padding=7 1048576

cheat/cheatsheets/openssl

@@ -19,3 +19,6 @@ openssl x509 -text -noout -in server.crt
 echo | openssl s_client -connect <hostname>:443 2> /dev/null | \
 awk '/-----BEGIN/,/END CERTIFICATE-----/' | \
 openssl x509 -noout -enddate
+
+# Generate Diffie-Hellman parameters:
+openssl dhparam -outform PEM -out dhparams.pem 2048

cheat/cheatsheets/p4

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+# Print details related to Client and server configuration
+p4 info 
+
+# Open a file and add it to depot
+p4 add <filename>

cheat/cheatsheets/paste

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+# Concat columns from files
+paste file1 file2 ...
+
+# List the files in the current directory in three columns:
+ls | paste - - -
+
+# Combine pairs of lines from a file into single lines:
+paste -s -d '\t\n' myfile
+
+# Number the lines in a file, similar to nl(1):
+sed = myfile | paste -s -d '\t\n' - -
+
+# Create a colon-separated list of directories named bin,
+# suitable for use in the PATH environment variable:
+find / -name bin -type d | paste -s -d : -

cheat/cheatsheets/ping

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+# ping a host with a total count of 15 packets overall.    
+ping -c 15 www.example.com
+
+# ping a host with a total count of 15 packets overall, one every .5 seconds (faster ping). 
+ping -c 15 -i .5 www.example.com
+
+# test if a packet size of 1500 bytes is supported (to check the MTU for example)
+ping -s 1500 -c 10 -M do www.example.com

cheat/cheatsheets/ping6

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+# get all ipv6 neighbors via broadcast ping
+ping6 -I eth0 ff02::1

cheat/cheatsheets/pip

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+# Search for packages
+pip search SomePackage
+
+# Install some packages
+pip install SomePackage
+
+# Output and install packages in a requirement file
+pip freeze > requirements.txt
+pip install -r requirements.txt
+
+# Show details of a package
+pip show SomePackage
+
+# List outdated packages
+pip list --outdated
+
+# Upgrade all outdated packages, thanks to http://stackoverflow.com/a/3452888
+pip freeze --local | grep -v '^\-e' | cut -d = -f 1 | xargs -n1 pip install -U
+
+# Install specific version of a package
+pip install -I SomePackage1==1.1.0 'SomePackage2>=1.0.4'

cheat/cheatsheets/rename

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+# Lowercase all files and folders in current directory
+rename 'y/A-Z/a-z/' *

cheat/cheatsheets/rpm

@@ -4,11 +4,28 @@ rpm -ivh <rpm>
 # To remove a package:
 rpm -e <package>
 
+# To remove a package, but not its dependencies
+rpm -e --nodeps <package>
+
 # To find what package installs a file:
 rpm -qf </path/to/file>
 
 # To find what files are installed by a package:
+rpm -ql <package>
 rpm -qpl <rpm>
 
+# To find what packages require a package or file:
+rpm -q --whatrequires <package>
+rpm -q --whatrequires <file>
+
 # To list all installed packages:
 rpm -qa
+
+# To find a pkg's dependencies
+rpm -i --test <package>
+
+# Display checksum against source
+rpm -K <package>
+
+# Verify a package
+rpm -V <package>

cheat/cheatsheets/rss2email

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+'rss2email -- converts rss feeds and emails them to your inbox'
+
+# List all feeds 
+r2e list
+
+# Convert RSS entries to email
+r2e run
+
+# Add a new feed
+r2e add <feed address>
+
+# Add a new feed with new email address
+r2e add <feed address> [newemail address]
+
+# Delete a feed 
+r2e delete <# of feed in list/>
+
+# Help
+r2e -h
+
+

cheat/cheatsheets/smbclient

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+# To display public shares on the server:
+smbclient -L <hostname> -U%
+
+# To connect to a share:
+smbclient //<hostname>/<share> -U<username>%<password>

cheat/cheatsheets/ss

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+ss
+Utility to investigate sockets
+
+Args
+-4/-6 list ipv4/ipv6 sockets
+-n numeric addresses instead of hostnames
+-l list listing sockets
+-u/-t/-x list udp/tcp/unix sockets
+-p Show process(es) that using socket
+
+# show all listing tcp sockets including the corresponding process
+ss -tlp
+
+# show all sockets connecting to 192.168.2.1 on port 80
+ss -t dst 192.168.2.1:80
+
+# show all ssh related connection
+ss -t state established '( dport = :ssh or sport = :ssh )'

cheat/cheatsheets/ssh

@@ -4,12 +4,19 @@ ssh -i /path/to/file.pem user@example.com
 # To connect on an non-standard port:
 ssh -p 2222 user@example.com
 
+# To connect and forward the authentication agent
+ssh -A user@example.com
+
 # To execute a command on a remote server:
 ssh -t user@example.com 'the-remote-command'
 
 # To tunnel an x session over SSH:
 ssh -X user@example.com
 
+# Redirect traffic with a tunnel between local host (port 8080) and a remote
+# host (remote.example.com:5000) through a proxy (personal.server.com):
+ssh -f -L 8080:remote.example.com:5000 user@personal.server.com -N
+
 # To launch a specific x application over SSH:
 ssh -X -t user@example.com 'chromium-browser'
 
@@ -21,3 +28,7 @@ ssh user@example.com -C -c blowfish -X
 
 # For more information, see:
 # http://unix.stackexchange.com/q/12755/44856
+
+# Copy files and folders through ssh from remote host to pwd with tar.gz compression
+# when there is no rsync command available
+ssh user@example.com "cd /var/www/Shared/; tar zcf - asset1 asset2" | tar zxf -

cheat/cheatsheets/systemd

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+# Display process startup time
+systemd-analyze
+
+# Display process startup time at service level
+systemd-analyze blame
+
+# List running units
+systemctl list-units
+
+# Load a unit at startup
+systemctl enable foo.service
+
+# Start or Stop a unit
+systemctl <start | stop> foo.service
+
+# Unit file locations
+/etc/systemd/system
+/usr/lib/systemd/system

cheat/cheatsheets/tar

@@ -24,3 +24,8 @@ tar -jtvf /path/to/foo.tgz
 
 # To create a .gz archive and exclude all jpg,gif,... from the tgz
 tar czvf /path/to/foo.tgz --exclude=\*.{jpg,gif,png,wmv,flv,tar.gz,zip} /path/to/foo/
+
+# To use parallel (multi-threaded) implementation of compression algorithms:
+tar -z ... -> tar -Ipigz ...
+tar -j ... -> tar -Ipbzip2 ...
+tar -J ... -> tar -Ipixz ...

cheat/cheatsheets/tr

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+#replace : with new line
+echo $PATH|tr ":" "\n" #equivalent with:
+echo $PATH|tr -t ":" \n 
+
+#remove all occurance of "ab"
+echo aabbcc |tr -d "ab"
+#ouput: cc
+
+#complement "aa"
+echo aabbccd |tr -c "aa" 1
+#output: aa11111 without new line
+#tip: Complement meaning keep aa,all others are replaced with 1
+
+#complement "ab\n"
+echo aabbccd |tr -c "ab\n" 1
+#output: aabb111 with new line
+
+#Preserve all alpha(-c). ":-[:digit:] etc" will be translated to "\n". sequeeze mode.
+echo $PATH|tr -cs "[:alpha:]" "\n" 
+
+#ordered list to unordered list
+echo "1. /usr/bin\n2. /bin" |tr -cs " /[:alpha:]\n" "+"

cheat/cheatsheets/udisksctl

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+# Get info about block device
+udisksctl info -b <block_device>
+
+# Mounting device 
+udisksctl mount --block-device <block_device>
+
+# Unmounting device 
+udisksctl unmount --block-device <block_device>
+
+# Get help 
+udisksctl help 

cheat/cheatsheets/uniq

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+# show all lines without duplication
+# `sort -u` and `uniq` is the same effect.
+sort file | uniq
+
+# show not duplicated lines
+sort file | uniq -u
+
+# show duplicated lines only
+sort file | uniq -d
+
+# count all lines
+sort file | uniq -c
+
+# count not duplicated lines
+sort file | uniq -uc
+
+# count only duplicated lines
+sort file | uniq -dc

cheat/cheatsheets/unzip

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+# Extract archive
+unzip archive.zip
+
+# Test integrity of archive
+unzip -tq archive.zip
+
+# List files and directories in a file
+unzip -l archive.zip

cheat/cheatsheets/vagrant

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+# Initate Vagrant
+mkdir vag-vm; cd vag-vm
+vagrant init
+
+# Add a box to vagrant repo
+vagrant box add hashicorp/precise32
+
+# Add a box  Vagrant file
+config.vm.box = "hashicorp/precise32"
+
+# Add vm to public network as host
+config.vm.network "public_network"
+
+# Add provision script to vagrant file
+config.vm.provision :shell, path: "provision.sh"
+
+# Start vm 
+vagrant up
+
+# Connect to started instance
+vagrant ssh
+
+# Shutdown vm
+vagrant halt
+
+# Hibernate vm
+vagrant suspend
+
+# Set vm to initial state by cleaning all data
+vagrant destroy
+
+# Restart vm with new provision script
+vagran reload --provision

cheat/cheatsheets/weechat

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+# Set unread marker on all windows
+Ctrl-s Ctrl-u
+
+# Switch buffer left
+Ctrl-p, Alt-left
+# Switch buffer right
+Ctrl-n, Alt-right
+# Next buffer with activity
+Alt-a
+# Switch buffers
+Alt-0...9
+
+# Scroll buffer title
+F9/F10
+# Scroll nick list
+F11/F12

cheat/cheatsheets/wget

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 wget http://path.to.the/file
 
 # To download a file and change its name
-wget http://path.to.the/file -o newname
+wget http://path.to.the/file -O newname
 
 # To download a file into a directory
 wget -P path/to/directory http://path.to.the/file

cheat/cheatsheets/yum

@@ -22,6 +22,9 @@ yum info <package name>
 # List currently enabled repositories:
 yum repolist
 
+# List packages containing a certain keyword:
+yum list <package_name_or_word_to_search>
+ 
 # To download the source RPM for a package:
 yumdownloader --source <package name>
 

cheat/cheatsheets/zip

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+# Create zip file
+zip archive.zip file1 directory/
+
+# To list, test and extract zip archives, see unzip
+cheat unzip

cheat/cheatsheets/zoneadm

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+# Halt zone
+zoneadm -z <zone_name> halt
+
+# Delete Zone 
+zoneadm -z <zone_name> halt
+zoneadm -z <zone_name> uninstall
+
+# Verify Zone
+zoneadm -z <zone_name> verify
+
+# Installing Zone 
+zoneadm -z <zone_name> install
+
+# Boot Zone
+zoneadm -z <zone_name> boot
+
+# Reboot Zone
+zoneadm -z <zone_name> reboot
+
+# List Zones
+zoneadm list -cv

cheat/sheet.py

@@ -26,27 +26,15 @@ def create_or_edit(sheet):
     if not exists(sheet):
         create(sheet)
 
-    # if the cheatsheet exists and is writeable...
+    # if the cheatsheet exists but not in the default_path, copy it to the
-    elif exists(sheet) and is_writable(sheet):
+    # default path before editing
+    elif exists(sheet) and not exists_in_default_path(sheet):
+        copy(path(sheet), os.path.join(sheets.default_path(), sheet))
         edit(sheet)
 
-    # if the cheatsheet exists but is not writable...
+    # if it exists and is in the default path, then just open it
-    elif exists(sheet) and not is_writable(sheet):
+    else:
-        # ... ask the user if we should copy the cheatsheet to her home directory for editing
+        edit(sheet)
-        yes = prompt_yes_or_no(
-          'The ' + sheet + ' sheet is not editable. Do you want to copy it to '
-          'your user cheatsheets directory before editing? Keep in mind that '
-          'your sheet will always be used before system-wide one.'
-        )
-
-        # if yes, copy the cheatsheet to the home directory before editing
-        if yes:
-            copy(path(sheet), os.path.join(sheets.default_path(), sheet))
-            edit(sheet)
-
-        # if no, just abort
-        else:
-            die('Aborting.')
 
 
 def create(sheet):
@@ -75,6 +63,12 @@ def exists(sheet):
     return sheet in sheets.get() and os.access(path(sheet), os.R_OK)
 
 
+def exists_in_default_path(sheet):
+    """ Predicate that returns true if the sheet exists in default_path"""
+    default_path_sheet = os.path.join(sheets.default_path(), sheet)
+    return sheet in sheets.get() and os.access(default_path_sheet, os.R_OK)
+
+
 def is_writable(sheet):
     """ Predicate that returns true if the sheet is writeable """
     return sheet in sheets.get() and os.access(path(sheet), os.W_OK)

cheat/sheets.py

@@ -2,13 +2,6 @@ from cheat import cheatsheets
 from cheat.utils import *
 import os
 
-# @kludge: it breaks the functional paradigm to a degree, but declaring this
-# var here (versus within get()) gives us a "poor man's" memoization on the
-# call to get(). This, in turn, spares us from having to call out to the
-# filesystem more than once.
-cheats = {}
-
-
 def default_path():
     """ Returns the default cheatsheet path """
 
@@ -37,11 +30,7 @@ def default_path():
 
 def get():
     """ Assembles a dictionary of cheatsheets as name => file-path """
-
+    cheats = {}
-    # if we've already reached out to the filesystem, just return the result
-    # from memory
-    if cheats:
-        return cheats
 
     # otherwise, scan the filesystem
     for cheat_dir in reversed(paths()):

setup.py

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import os
 
 setup(
     name         = 'cheat',
-    version      = '2.1.0',
+    version      = '2.1.21',
     author       = 'Chris Lane',
     author_email = 'chris@chris-allen-lane.com',
     license      = 'GPL3',