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127 lines
3.6 KiB
Plaintext
127 lines
3.6 KiB
Plaintext
# WARNING:
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# In order to avoid headaches when moving ZFS physical devices around,
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# one will be much better served to reference devices by their *immutable*
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# ID - as in /dev/disk/by-id/* - rather than their block device name -
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# as in /dev/{sd,nvme}* - which is bound to change as per PCI enumeration
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# order.
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# For the sake of briefness, we'll use the following variables:
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# ${device} device (/dev/disk/by-id/${device})
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# ${part} partition (/dev/disk/by-id/${part=${device}-part${N}})
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# ${pool} ZFS pool (name)
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# ${fs_vol} ZFS file system or volume (name)
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# ${snapshot} ZFS snapshot (name)
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## Pools
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# Create a new "RAID-5" (raidz1) pool
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# Recommended: use entire devices rather than partitions
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zpool create ${pool} raidz1 ${device} ${device} ${device} [...]
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# Add 2nd-level "RAID-1" (mirror) ZFS Intent Log (ZIL; synchronous write cache)
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# Recommended: use separate, fast, low-latency devices (e.g. NVMe)
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zpool add ${pool} log mirror ${part} ${part}
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# Add 2nd-level "RAID-0" Adaptive Replacement Cache (ARC; read cache)
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# Recommended: use separate, fast, low-latency devices (e.g. NVMe)
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zpool add ${pool} cache ${part} ${part} [...]
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# Remove log or cache components
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zpool remove zfs ${part} [...]
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# Import (enable) existing pool from newly connected devices
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# Note: this will create the /etc/zfs/zpool.cache devices cache
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zpool import -d /dev/disk/by-id -aN
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# Import (enable) existing pool using the devices cache
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zpool import -c /etc/zfs/zpool.cache -aN
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# Export (disable) pool (e.g. before shutdown)
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zpool export -a
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# List all (imported) pools
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zpool list
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# See pool status
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zpool status ${pool}
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# See detailed pool I/O statistics
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zpool iostat ${pool} -v
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# Verify pool integrity (data checksums)
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# (watch progress with 'zpool status')
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zpool scrub ${pool}
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# Remove a failing device from a pool
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# Note: redundant pools (mirror, raidz) will continue working in degraded state
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zpool detach ${pool} ${device}
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# Replace a failed device in a pool
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# Note: new device will be "resilvered" automatically (parity reconstruction)
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# (watch progress with 'zpool status')
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zpool replace ${pool} ${failed-device} ${new-device}
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# Erase zpool labels ("superblock") from a device/partition
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# WARNING: MUST do before reusing a device/partition for other purposes
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zpool labelclear ${device}
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# Query pool configuration (properties)
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zpool get all ${pool}
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# Change pool configuration (property)
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zpool set <property>=<value> ${pool}
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# Dump the entire pool (commands) history
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zpool history ${pool}
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# More...
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man zpool
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## File systems / Volumes
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# Create a new file system
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zfs create ${pool}/${fs_vol}
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# Create a new volume ("block device")
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# Note: look for it in /dev/zvol/${pool}/${fs_vol}
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zfs create -V <size> ${pool}/${fs_vol}
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# List all file systems / volumes
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zfs list
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# Mount all file systems
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# Note: see 'zfs get mountpoint ${pool}' for mountpoint root path
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zfs mount -a
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# Create a snapshot
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zfs snapshot ${pool}/${fs_vol}@${snapshot}
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# Delete a snapshot
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zfs destroy ${pool}/${fs_vol}@${snapshot}
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# Full backup
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# Note: pipe (|) source to destination through netcat, SSH, etc.
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# ... on source:
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zfs send -p -R ${pool}/${fs_vol}@${snapshot}
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# ... on destination:
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zfs receive -F ${pool}/${fs_vol}
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# Incremental backup
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# Note: pipe (|) source to destination through netcat, SSH, etc.
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# ... on source:
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zfs send -p -R -i ${pool}/${fs_vol}@${snapshot-previous} ${pool}/${fs_vol}@${snapshot}
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# ... on destination:
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zfs receive -F ${pool}/${fs_vol}
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# Query file system / volume configuration (properties)
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zfs get all ${pool}
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zfs get all ${pool}/${fs_vol}
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# Change file system / volume configuration (property)
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zfs set <property>=<value> ${pool}/${fs_vol}
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# More...
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man zfs
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